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The basic mode of action of collectors is the adsorption of molecules or ions of the agent on the interface between minerals and water. The action of collectors on the mineral surface can be divided into: physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, and surface chemical reaction. The main adsorption modes include: ion adsorption, molecular adsorption, semi-micelle adsorption, and adsorption of the reaction products of collectors on the mineral surface.
The adsorption of collector ions in the slurry on the mineral surface, for example, when pH>5. the adsorption of xanthate on the surface of galena, and the adsorption of oleic acid collectors on calcium-containing minerals (fluorite, calcite, scheelite, etc.).
The adsorption of collector molecules dispersed or dissolved in the slurry solution on the mineral surface. The physical adsorption of non-polar molecules is mainly the adsorption of various hydrocarbon oils; the physical adsorption of polar molecules is mainly the adsorption of undissociated molecules of xanthate, oleic acid and amine collectors at the solid-liquid interface.
When the collector concentration is high enough, the non-polar groups of the long hydrocarbon chain collector are adsorbed on the mineral surface and associate to form micelles in two-dimensional space. This adsorption is called "semi-micelle adsorption".
A series of reactions may occur during the reaction of the collector with other ions or mineral surfaces in the slurry, and some products of the reaction are adsorbed on the mineral surface. For example, when xanthate acts on the surface of sulfide minerals or is oxidized in the slurry, it can generate hydrocarbon monothiocarbonate (ROCOS-) and perxanthate (ROCss0-), which can be adsorbed on the oxidized mineral surface and the sulfide ore surface, respectively, to produce a collector.
The above is the introduction to the mechanism of action of the collector. Do you understand it?
